Abstract:
The exponential expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the extensive utilization of embedded systems,
such as health trackers and medical gadgets, pose substantial difficulties in ensuring data security, particularly
throughout the process of transmission. Conventional cryptographic systems, albeit being very safe, are not ideal
for these devices since they consume a significant amount of power. Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) is a
practical option that achieves a balance between security and efficiency for devices with limited resources.
This study examines LWC algorithms, with a specific focus on three stream ciphers that have been authorized
by NIST: Grain, Trivium, and MICKEY. The comparison of these ciphers is based on factors such as key size,
initialization vector (IV) size, design objectives, core features, and security attributes. The examination
emphasizes the appropriateness of each cipher for different applications, especially in resource-constrained
contexts. In addition, a thorough literature analysis investigates progress made in lightweight stream ciphers,
indicating areas where further research is needed and potential avenues for future study. The study highlights the
necessity for effective and reliable encryption solutions specifically designed to meet the limitations of IoT
devices.
A new approach for generating dynamic keys is proposed to improve security in data transmission for Internet
of Things (IoT) applications. The approach exhibits resilience against diverse attacks and successfully clears
NIST randomness tests, guaranteeing elevated levels of security and efficiency. This research highlights the
urgent requirement for optimal LWC algorithms to ensure the security of the ever-changing landscape of IoT
and embedded devices.
