A Combined DNA and Dental X-Ray Based Biometrics System for Forensic Human Identification

Abstract

Recently, the relying on the biological and personal are adopted for the human identification purpose to produce a more reliable method. This method is the base of a biometrics system which is a measurement of the behavioral or physical attributes - such as scents, individual voice, fingerprints, facial structure, and others to identify or verify the identity of person. In this paper, we propose a biometrics forensic human identification system based on the valuable and reliable biometrics tools which are DNA and Dental X-Ray. The motivation of this work among the previous work is the combination of the DNA and Dental features for human identification. This is for two main reasons; firstly, to cover the lack in the stored database information and secondly, for cross checking verification. Sixteen Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) DNA and a bite-wing image, used to extract the dental information, are used. The goal of the proposed system is to introduce a forensic identification system based on a built database, which contains a real STR DNA profiles and an ante-mortem dental image features (AM) for Iraqi Diyala Province Population. The adopted AM dental features are Standard Deviation (STD), Euler number and Intensity, extracted from the bite-wing image through utilizing a three stages algorithm. These stages are image segmentation, classification and features extraction. The proposed system's algorithm utilizes MATLAB software to extract dental features from the AM image and uses SQL Server software environment to build the database. Moreover, the Visual Studio (VS) environment was utilized to design the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the system which connects the MATLAB with SQL database in an attractive and useful manner. The achieved outcomes offer the outstanding performance of the proposed system for inserting, searching, updating and matching purposes and also for dental features extraction in a flexible and accurate manner.